22 datasets for edge sign prediction. Most are inferred from the data: a label field, the title, or the graph itself.
22 datasets.
A Wikipedia dataset of 740,397 signed interactions, collected by Network Repository. Each record contains editor-to-editor signed relationships. Signed network of Wikipedia edit interactions (co-editing vs reverts). Suitable for signed network analysis, conflict detection, collaboration studies.
A Wikipedia (online encyclopedia) dataset of 11,377 users and 196,614 directed signed votes (143,879 support, 40,667 oppose, 12,068 neutral) with 189,541 vote rationale texts, collected by West and Leskovec from Wikipedia's public adminship election records spanning 2003–2013, distributed by SNAP. Each record contains directed signed edges from voter to candidate: +1 support, -1 oppose, 0 neutral; election outcome per candidate (0/1); natural language vote rationale text per vote. The dataset is notable for its unique combination of signed network structure with natural language rationale text per edge, enabling joint graph and text analysis; one of the few real-world signed networks with explicit textual justifications for positive and negative links. Intended for research into signed network analysis, trust and reputation modeling, text-attributed graph research, opinion mining, link sign prediction with text features, and community detection in collaborative platforms.
A NDS-VU signed network repository dataset of 138,588 Wikipedia editors and 715,883 signed interaction edges on political articles, collected by NDS-VU from Wikipedia edit history. Each record contains directed signed edges between nodes: sign (+1 or -1) representing positive/negative relationships; no edge weights beyond binary sign. Large signed network of Wikipedia editors working on political articles, capturing support and opposition relationships derived from edit patterns and talk page interactions in politically charged content areas. Suitable for political discourse analysis, signed network analysis, editor behavior.
A Epinions.com (consumer review platform) dataset of 131,828 users and 841,372 directed signed edges (717,667 trust, 123,705 distrust), collected by Richardson et al. via Epinions.com crawl, distributed by SNAP. Each record contains directed signed edges between users: +1 indicates explicit trust, -1 indicates explicit distrust, capturing both positive and negative social relationships. one of the largest publicly available signed social networks, with explicit user-declared trust and distrust labels rather than inferred sentiment — making it ideal for signed graph algorithm benchmarking. Suitable for signed network analysis, trust propagation, link sign prediction, community detection in signed graphs, and balance theory validation.
A NDS-VU signed network repository dataset of 7,116 Wikipedia editors and 1,048,576 signed conflict/collaboration edges, collected by NDS-VU from Wikipedia edit history. Each record contains directed signed edges between nodes: sign (+1 or -1) representing positive/negative relationships; no edge weights beyond binary sign. Large signed network of Wikipedia editor interactions derived from edit conflict and revert patterns, where positive edges indicate collaborative edits and negative edges indicate conflicts and reverts between editors. Suitable for signed network analysis, conflict detection, collaborative platform dynamics.
A Slashdot.org (technology news and discussion) dataset of 82,144 users and 1,601,229 directed signed edges (1,234,967 friend, 366,262 foe) merged from 3 snapshots, collected by Leskovec et al. via Slashdot crawls over November 2008 to February 2009, distributed by SNAP. Each record contains directed signed edges between users: +1 indicates an explicit friend tag, -1 indicates an explicit foe tag; three temporal snapshots merged into one cumulative graph. one of the canonical signed social network benchmarks, notable for its explicit friend/foe labeling system and use as a primary dataset in foundational signed network research including balance theory and status theory studies. Suitable for signed network analysis, link sign prediction, structural balance theory, status theory validation, community detection in signed graphs, and trust/distrust propagation modeling.
A Reddit dataset of 35,776 subreddits and 286,561 directed hyperlinks (265,491 positive sentiment, 21,070 negative sentiment) from post hyperlinks embedded in post bodies, collected by Kumar et al. via Reddit API, January 2014 to April 2017, distributed by SNAP. Each record contains directed edges from source to target subreddit with binary sentiment label (+1/-1) and 86-dimension text property vector; post ID and timestamp per edge. captures cross-community interaction and conflict on Reddit with sentiment polarity per hyperlink, enabling study of how communities reference each other positively vs. antagonistically over time. Suitable for community conflict detection, cross-community interaction modeling, signed network analysis, temporal network analysis, and online community dynamics research.
A Escort review website (sex worker review community) dataset of 16,730 nodes and 39,044 edges, collected by Rocha et al. via web crawl. Each record contains directed: False, weighted: True, signed: True, temporal: True. Bipartite signed network of escort reviews: clients rate escorts +1 (positive), 0 (neutral), or -1 (negative), with Unix timestamps. One of the few large-scale signed bipartite networks available.. Suitable for signed network analysis, bipartite network analysis, trust propagation.
A NDS-VU signed network repository dataset of 10,885 users and 251,406 signed interaction edges from Italian referendum Twitter, collected by NDS-VU (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 2016). Each record contains directed signed edges between nodes: sign (+1 or -1) representing positive/negative relationships; no edge weights beyond binary sign. Signed retweet/mention network from the 2016 Italian constitutional referendum on Twitter, where edges represent support (+1) or opposition (-1) interactions between users discussing the referendum. Suitable for political polarization, signed social network analysis, referendum discourse.
A Chess game records (professional matches) dataset of 7,301 nodes and 60,046 edges, collected by KONECT via chess game database. Each record contains directed: True, weighted: True, signed: True. Directed network of chess game outcomes: edges go from winner to loser, with timestamps. Draws encoded as 0 weight.. Suitable for competition network analysis, ranking algorithms, temporal network analysis.
A NDS-VU signed network repository dataset of 7,116 Wikipedia users and 100,693 signed RfA vote edges, collected by NDS-VU from Wikipedia RfA archives. Each record contains directed signed edges between nodes: sign (+1 or -1) representing positive/negative relationships; no edge weights beyond binary sign. Signed network of Wikipedia requests for adminship (RfA) votes where edges represent support (+1) or oppose (-1) votes cast during admin election campaigns, enabling trust and reputation analysis in collaborative platforms. Suitable for signed network analysis, reputation systems, voting behavior, trust modeling.
A Advogato dataset of 6,551 users, 51,317 trust relationships, collected by Massa et al. (2009) via Advogato platform. Each record contains directed, weighted trust edges between users, representing explicit trust relationships expressed by users. Advogato trust network where users express weighted trust relationships, enabling research on trust propagation and social influence in online communities. Suitable for trust network analysis, influence propagation, social influence studies, trust-based recommendation systems.
A Bitcoin OTC (peer-to-peer Bitcoin trading platform) dataset of 5,881 users and 35,592 directed weighted trust ratings (32,029 positive, 3,563 negative), collected by Kumar et al. via platform crawl, distributed by SNAP. Each record contains directed weighted signed edges between users: integer rating in [-10, +10] representing trust strength, plus binarized sign (+1/-1) for compatibility with signed network algorithms; Unix timestamps per rating. continuous integer trust weights rather than binary +1/-1 signs, enabling weighted signed network analysis and providing finer-grained trust signal than Epinions or Slashdot while operating in the high-stakes context of peer-to-peer Bitcoin trading. Suitable for weighted signed network analysis, edge weight prediction, trust propagation modeling, fraud detection, reputation system design, and signed graph embedding research.
A NDS-VU signed network repository dataset of 5,882 nodes and 21,492 signed edges (synthetic Bitcoin OTC variant), collected by NDS-VU (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam). Each record contains directed signed edges between nodes: sign (+1 or -1) representing positive/negative relationships; no edge weights beyond binary sign. Synthetic version of the Bitcoin OTC web-of-trust network with reversed edge polarities, enabling adversarial and robustness testing of signed network algorithms. Suitable for signed network analysis, algorithm benchmarking, robustness testing.
A Bitcoin Alpha (peer-to-peer Bitcoin trading platform) dataset of 3,783 users and 24,186 directed weighted trust ratings (22,650 positive, 1,536 negative), collected by Kumar et al. via platform crawl, distributed by SNAP. Each record contains directed weighted signed edges between users: integer rating in [-10, +10] representing trust strength, plus binarized sign (+1/-1) for compatibility with signed network algorithms; Unix timestamps per rating. continuous integer trust weights rather than binary +1/-1 signs, enabling weighted signed network analysis and providing finer-grained trust signal than Epinions or Slashdot while operating in the high-stakes context of peer-to-peer Bitcoin trading. Suitable for weighted signed network analysis, edge weight prediction, trust propagation modeling, fraud detection, reputation system design, and signed graph embedding research.
A Fediverse (lemmy, federation_with_blocks graph) dataset of 779 nodes, 289,473 edges (62 snapshots merged), collected by Damie & Cyffers via weekly crawls over 6 months. Each record contains directed edges with signs (+ for federation, - for blocks) between instances. The dataset is notable for its directed graph with both positive (federation) and negative (block) edges, showing communication relationships alongside active blocking between instances. Intended for research into defederation studies, conflict resolution, trust and distrust analysis in decentralized networks.
A NDS-VU signed network repository dataset of 220 Congress members and 521 signed co-sponsorship edges, collected by NDS-VU (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam). Each record contains directed signed edges between nodes: sign (+1 or -1) representing positive/negative relationships; no edge weights beyond binary sign. Signed network of U.S. Congress members based on bill co-sponsorship patterns, where positive edges indicate co-sponsorship and negative edges indicate opposition, enabling political alignment and polarization analysis. Suitable for political polarization, signed network analysis, legislative behavior.
A University freshman friendship survey (longitudinal) dataset of 32 nodes and 710 edges, collected by Van de Bunt et al.. Each record contains directed edges: True, weighted: True, signed: True. This directed network contains friendship ratings between 32 university freshmen who mostly did not know each other before starting university. Each student was asked to rate the other student at seven different time points. Note that the origin of the timestamps is not accurately known but the dis. Suitable for longitudinal social network analysis, friendship formation. The file holds 3,062 ratings, one row per rating in each survey wave; the edge count of 710 counts distinct pairs.
A Monastery interpersonal relations survey dataset of 18 nodes and 189 edges, collected by S.F. Sampson. Each record contains directed edges: True, weighted: True, signed: True. This directed network contains ratings between monks related to a crisis in a cloister (or monastery) in New English (USA) which lead to a departure of several of the monks. This dataset aggregates several available ratings ((dis)esteem, (dis)liking, positive/negative influence, praise/blame) into o. Suitable for signed network analysis, community detection, balance theory.
A NDS-VU signed network repository dataset of 19 nodes and 125 signed edges from a monastery social network, collected by Sampson (1969), distributed by NDS-VU. Each record contains directed signed edges between nodes: sign (+1 or -1) representing positive/negative relationships; no edge weights beyond binary sign. Classic small signed social network from a monastery study by Sampson (1969), widely used as a benchmark for signed community detection and balance theory validation. Suitable for signed network analysis, balance theory, community detection benchmarking.
A NDS-VU signed network repository dataset of 16 tribes and 58 signed alliance/opposition edges, collected by Read (1954), distributed by NDS-VU. Each record contains directed signed edges between nodes: sign (+1 or -1) representing positive/negative relationships; no edge weights beyond binary sign. Classic ethnographic signed network of New Guinea Highland tribes with alliance (+1) and opposition (-1) relationships, one of the earliest and most cited networks for structural balance theory validation. Suitable for balance theory, structural balance, signed network benchmarking.
A Small group signed social network (balance theory study) dataset of 16 nodes and 58 edges, collected by UCI Network Data Repository. Each record contains directed: False, weighted: True, signed: True. Small signed social network with +1/-1 edges — useful for testing structural balance theory.. Suitable for signed network analysis, structural balance theory, community detection.
Wikipedia
Epinions
Slashdot
Reddit
Twitter (X)
Advogato
Fediverse