A Bluesky Social dataset of approximately 1.8 million public posts, collected by Alpin Dale from the AT Protocol firehose API in 2024. Each record contains post text, author handle, timestamp, image presence flag, and reply-to URI for constructing directed reply-thread networks. multilingual corpus from a decentralized AT Protocol platform with English dominant alongside Spanish, Portuguese, Japanese, and other languages. Suitable for decentralized social media analysis, reply network structure, and multilingual content modeling.
Twitter conversations around the Ottawa Parliament Hill shooting (October 2014), from the PHEME rumour dataset (Zubiaga, Liakata, Procter, Kochkina and colleagues; the complete release for rumour detection and veracity classification, figshare 6392078): 890 threads, each a source tweet and its replies, of which 470 were judged rumours by journalists and 420 not. Every rumour also carries its veracity as later established: 329 true, 72 false and 69 unverified. 12,284 tweets in all, with full tweet JSON. ECHO builds the reply network (11,394 reply links, each reply pointing to the tweet it answers) and labels each tweet with its thread's rumour status and, for source tweets, the veracity. Useful for rumour detection, rumour verification and modelling how conversations unfold. Annotations CC BY 4.0; Twitter retains the rights to tweet content. The archive PHEME_veracity.tar.bz2 is gzip-compressed despite its name (the name is the authors' own, kept so the checksum matches figshare): extract it with `tar xzf`.
A Twitter dataset of 4,952 tweets (1,238 rumour, 3,714 non-rumour) from the 2013 Boston Marathon bombings, collected by Zubiaga, Liakata, and Procter — Augmented PHEME (Zenodo, 2019). Each record contains tweet text, binary rumour/non-rumour label, timestamp, reaction thread structure linking source tweets to replies. Augmented extension of PHEME covering the Boston Marathon bombings event with both rumour threads and non-rumour threads, providing a balanced benchmark for rumour detection with reaction graph structure. Suitable for rumour detection, misinformation classification, crisis communication analysis, stance detection, conversational thread modelling.
Twitter conversations around the Germanwings plane crash in the French Alps (March 2015), from the PHEME rumour dataset (Zubiaga, Liakata, Procter, Kochkina and colleagues; the complete release for rumour detection and veracity classification, figshare 6392078): 469 threads, each a source tweet and its replies, of which 238 were judged rumours by journalists and 231 not. Every rumour also carries its veracity as later established: 94 true, 111 false and 33 unverified. 4,489 tweets in all, with full tweet JSON. ECHO builds the reply network (4,020 reply links, each reply pointing to the tweet it answers) and labels each tweet with its thread's rumour status and, for source tweets, the veracity. Useful for rumour detection, rumour verification and modelling how conversations unfold. Annotations CC BY 4.0; Twitter retains the rights to tweet content. The archive PHEME_veracity.tar.bz2 is gzip-compressed despite its name (the name is the authors' own, kept so the checksum matches figshare): extract it with `tar xzf`.
Bluesky
Twitter (X)